Encoding strategy affects false recall and recognition: Evidence from
categorical study material |
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Authors: | Justyna Olszewska Joanna Ulatowska |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, USA;2.Institute of Applied Psychology, Academy of Special Education,
Warsaw, Poland |
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Abstract: | The present research investigated memory vulnerability to distortions. Different
encoding strategies were used when categorized lists were studied. The authors
assumed that an imagery strategy would be responsible for decreasing false
memories more than a word-whispering strategy, which is consistent with the
model of semantic access and previous research in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott
paradigm (the DRM paradigm; Deese, 1959;
Roediger & McDermott, 1995). A
normative study of category lists and 4 experiments were conducted to verify the
memory vulnerability to different encoding strategies (imagery, word-whispering,
control). Half of subjects recalled and half recognized previously studied
words. The results revealed a marked reduction in false recognition and recall
after imagery encoding, relative to after word-whispering encoding. |
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Keywords: | false memory imagery encoding categorical study lists mnemonic strategies |
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