结构、任务类型和导航对超文本信息搜索的影响

通过两个实验考察了结构、任务类型和导航对超文本信息搜索绩效的影响。实验一采用2（层次结构，混合结构）×2（特定任务，关系任务）的被试内设计，探讨了超文本结构和任务类型对信息搜索的影响；实验二在实验一的基础上，采用2（层次结构，混合结构）×2（有导航图，无导航图）的被试内设计，考察超文本结构和导航对关系任务信息搜索的影响。结果表明：（1）超文本结构和任务类型对信息搜索绩效有显著的交互影响，就关系任务而言，混合结构超文本优于层次结构超文本，但就特定任务而言，两者无显著差异；（2）导航对信息搜索行为有指导作用，尤其对层次结构超文本有利；（3）两种主观指标的结果与客观指标存在一定程度的一致性。

EFFECTS OF STRUCTURE,TASK TYPE AND NAVIGATION ON PERFORMANCE IN SEARCHING HYPERTEXT INFORMATION

Two experiments were conducted to explore the effects of hypertext structure, task type and navigation on information searching in network. In Experiment 1, 2（hypertext structure: hierarchical vs mixed）×2（task type: specific vs relational）within-subject factorial design was used to examine the effects of structure and task type on searching performance in hypertext information. Based on the Experiment 1, 2（hypertext structure: hierarchical vs mixed）×2 （navigation: with map vs without map）within-subject factorial design was employed to consider the effects of structure and navigation on searching performance in the relational task in Experiment 2. It was found that:（1）Hypertext structure and task type interactively influenced on searching performance. Mixed was better than hierarchical in the relational task, but not in the specific task.（2）Navigation improved searching behavior, especially for hierarchical hypertext.（3）There was somewhat similar among subjective indexes（time estimation, subjective satisfaction rating）and objective behavior responses（searching time, accuracy, total number of nodes visited and repeatedly visited）.