儿童入学准备状态的理论模型与干预途径

入学准备状态是指学龄前儿童为了能够从即将开始的正规学校教育中受益所需要具备的各种关键特征或基础条件。本文从三个方面介绍了国外关于儿童入学准备状态研究的新进展：（1）儿童学校适应结果的早期预测因素和儿童入学准备状态的生态学模型；（2）入学准备状态评定工具的发展状况和效度评价； （3）国外针对入学准备状态不足儿童采用的干预措施及其效果评价。最后，对当前研究的不足和未来发展方向进行了讨论，并结合文化差异对开展中国儿童入学准备状态研究提出了建议。

Theoretical Structure and Intervention Measures of Children's School Readiness

School readiness is key features needed by children to benefit from the incoming formal education. Three topics were introduced about current researches of school readiness: (1) Early predictors of children’s school outcomes and ecological model about school readiness. (2) Application and validation of assessment tools of school readiness. (3) Intervention approaches of school readiness and evaluations of its’ effects. At last, the limits of current research and its’ implications for future researches were discussed.