| 善恶人格的特质差序 |
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| 引用本文： | 焦丽颖,许燕,田一,郭震,赵锦哲. 善恶人格的特质差序[J]. 心理学报, 2022, 54(7): 850-866. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2022.00850 |
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| 作者姓名： | 焦丽颖 许燕 田一 郭震 赵锦哲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京师范大学心理学部, 应用实验心理北京市重点实验室, 心理学国家级实验教学示范中心(北京师范大学), 北京 100875;2.北京师范大学教育学部, 北京 100875;3.北京教育科学研究院, 北京 100036 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671160);国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA363) |
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| 摘 要： | 善恶问题是人们在社会生活中的重要话题, 在对他人进行知觉时, 人们首先关心的信息是什么, 是否会对不同类型善恶特质有所权衡?研究基于人格心理学视角, 通过4个研究对该问题进行了探讨。研究首先探究了人格的道德概念激活时善恶的差异, 并以代表性、好恶度、特质度和重要性为衡量指标分别考察了不同类型善恶特质的核心程度差异。结果发现, 善恶人格的特质差序体现在两个方面：(1)善恶人格间的差序, 在人格的道德范畴中, 存在善人格的优先效应; (2)善恶人格内的差序, “善”的核心由内到外为尽责诚信、仁爱友善与包容大度、利他奉献; “恶”的核心由内到外为凶恶残忍、背信弃义与污蔑陷害、虚假伪善。研究有助于进一步理解中国人的善恶观, 为善恶领域的探究提供了新思路。
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| 关 键 词： | 善恶人格 人格结构 特质差序 特质度 中国文化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-24 |
The hierarchies of good and evil personality traits |
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| JIAO Liying,XU Yan,TIAN Yi,GUO Zhen,ZHAO Jinzhe. The hierarchies of good and evil personality traits[J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2022, 54(7): 850-866. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2022.00850 |
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| Authors: | JIAO Liying XU Yan TIAN Yi GUO Zhen ZHAO Jinzhe |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2.Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;3.Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences, Beijing 100036, China |
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| Abstract: | Researchers found that moral information plays the most important role in the formation of impressions of individuals. In the previous studies on person perception, most of them distinguish moral character from other traits such as ability and sociability, and examined the priority and dominance of moral information. However, in order to understand and predict people's behavior in more specifically, it is not enough to distinguish morality from other types of traits. Five studies were conducted to explore whether different types of traits have different effects on perceptions of other people's moral (good and evil) levels? |
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| Keywords: | good and evil personalities personality structure hierarchy scope of trait Chinese culture |
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