情绪效价−空间动作隐喻联结对成人和儿童外语情绪词学习的影响

为探究情绪效价与空间动作的隐喻联结如何影响中国成人及学龄前和学龄初期儿童对外语情绪词的学习，要求被试在学习阶段根据情绪效价将新学习的实体外语词卡放在对应空间位置。测试阶段采用二选一迫选任务，记录新词学习的反应时和正确率。结果显示，无论是成人组还是儿童组被试，隐喻一致组在测试阶段中对所学外语词的再认反应时均快于隐喻不一致组和控制组。研究表明，成人和学龄前和学龄初期儿童均存在情绪效价–空间动作隐喻联结的心理表征，并且该联结可以影响成人及学龄前和学龄初期儿童外语情绪词学习效果。

The Metaphorical Association Between Valence and Space Influences Emotional Word Learning in Adults and Children

The metaphorical association between emotional valence and directed spatial actions is associated either with improving or impairing memory, and people can learn materials better when they use metaphor-congruent spatial actions. The present study explored whether metaphor-congruent spatial actions improve Chinese adults’ and children’s foreign emotional word learning. Participants learned ltalian or English words from flashcards during the learning phase. After learning each card, participants placed it on the top (or middle or bottom) of the shelf according to its valence. In the testing phase, participants chose the correct Chinese meaning of the foreign word from two options. The result in the word recognition task showed that the reaction times of the metaphor-congruent group were faster than the metaphor-incongruent group when they were similar in accuracy. Future research may focus on the neural basis and application of metaphor-congruent spatial actions in language learning.