创伤后应激障碍中的非适应性泛化现象

过度泛化现象是区分普通心理问题和严重心理问题的重要指标。创伤后应激障碍(posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD)患者在创伤事件后会出现非适应性的泛化。现有研究结果表明非适应性泛化(maladaptive generalization)可能是PTSD发生发展的一个重要因素, 但也有研究支持PTSD是导致了泛化从适应性向非适应性化转变的原因。虽然泛化现象的变化与PTSD症状的发展有相同趋势, 且具有共同的生理基础：记忆相关神经结构, 但二者之间的关系尚无明确定论。阐明PTSD与非适应性泛化之间的关系对PTSD的预测、诊断和治疗均有推进作用。

Maladaptive Generalization in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Overgeneralization is a key diagnosis feature of mental disorder caused from stress. Most posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients have developed overgeneralization phenomenon after traumatic events. However, the relationship between overgeneralization and development of PTSD is unclear as so far. Some evidence suggested that overgeneralization results in the development of PTSD, on the contrary, some studies supported that PTSD facilitates the transition from ‘adaptive generalization’ to ‘maladaptive overgeneralization’. It is confirmed that PTSD and overgeneralization have commonalities on the development trajectory, and share the same abnormal mechanism on learning and memory. Further studies should focus on their relationship and brain mechanisms underlying them which could benefit to the early detection and diagnosis of PTSD, and also novel avenues for treatment.