Framing deductive reasoning with emotional content: An fMRI study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies-ITAB, Gabriele D’Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy;2. Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, Gabriele D’Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy;3. Department of Philosophy, Education and Economics, Gabriele D’Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy;1. Cognitive Science Department, Institute of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Grodzka 52, 31-044 Krakow, Poland;2. Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Mickiewicza 3, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;1. Institute of Electron Physics, Ukrainian National Academy of Science, 21 Universytetska Str., 88017 Uzhhorod, Ukraine;2. Semiconductor Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 70 Reichenhainer Str., D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany;1. Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia;2. School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia;1. G. Física CAB-CNEA, CONICET and Instituto Balseiro Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo 9500, Bariloche, Argentina;2. Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | In the literature concerning the study of emotional effect on cognition, several researches highlight the mechanisms of reasoning ability and the influence of emotions on this ability. However, up to now, no neuroimaging study was specifically devised to directly compare the influence on reasoning performance of visual task-unrelated with semantic task-related emotional information.In the present functional fMRI study, we devised a novel paradigm in which emotionally negative vs. neutral visual stimuli (context) were used as primes, followed by syllogisms composed of propositions with emotionally negative vs. neutral contents respectively. Participants, in the MR scanner, were asked to assess the logical validity of the syllogisms. We have therefore manipulated the emotional state and arousal induced by the visual prime as well as the emotional interference exerted by the syllogism content.fMRI data indicated a medial prefrontal cortex deactivation and lateral/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation in conditions with negative context. Furthermore, a lateral/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulation caused by syllogism content was observed. Finally, behavioral data confirmed the influence of emotional task-related stimuli on reasoning ability, since the performance was worse in conditions with syllogisms involving negative emotions. Therefore, on the basis of these data, we conclude that emotional states can impair the performance in reasoning tasks by means of the delayed general reactivity, whereas the emotional content of the target may require a larger amount of top-down resources to be processed. |
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| Keywords: | Deductive reasoning Emotions fMRI Prefrontal cortex |
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