构成理论关于推论与记叙文篇章理解的研究

构成理论认为，读者在阅读记叙文篇章时，试图构成一个有意义的情景参照模式以表达读者的目标、篇章连贯性以及解释文中为何提到所描述的行为、事件及情景，其中推论生成是一个重要环节。而推论可分为十三类，有六类属线上生成，五类属脱线生成，有两类难以确定．需考虑语用因素，其中有些推论因读者目标不同而有特殊性。构成理论还认为，除了局部推论和整体推论外，其它推论都与读者的世界知识有关。该者目标满足，局部与整体连贯实现，以及外显信息解释决定着对记叙文篇章的理解。

A STUDY OF THE CONSTRUCTIONIST THEORY ON INFERENCE AND NARRATIVE TEXTUAL COMPREHENSION

According to the constructionist theory, readersattempt to construct a meaningful referential situationmodel that addresses readers' goals,textual coherence,and the reasons for actions, events and states mentioned in the text. And inference generation is ratherimportant during comprehension. Inference can becategorized into thirteen classes, six of which are generated "on-lined and five are "off-line", and the remaining two are hard to determine how they are generated, and they require some factors. Some of theclasses of inference possess special property as a resultof reader's different goals. The constructionist theoryalso holds that inferences other than global and localones are all associated with reader's world knowledge.The satisfaction of reader's goals, realization of globaland local coherence, and explicit textual explanationdetermine reader's comprehension of narrative texts.