试论中国民众的主体宗教意识特性

中国民众主体宗教意识的基本特性，是以实用性为核心的入世性、多神性和随意性。人神关系：神服务于人，“索取”多于“奉献”。天国与尘世的关系：此岸重于彼岸，苛求“长生不死”，企盼延年益寿。对上帝、教主的三心二意、兼收兼蓄，以及有理有利有节的宗教实践，虽然避免他国信仰不兼容而导致的宗教战争和对异教徒的残酷迫害，但一旦广大民众的基本需求无法实现，被压抑的情绪无法渲泄时，被鼓动起来的不安定因素就引发改朝换代的原始暴力，这一趋势并没有完结。

On the Characteristics of the Religious Consciousness among the Chinese People

The basic characteristics of the religious consciousness among the chinese people are this worldness, multi-gods belief and self-willingness with pragmatism.At its core,in the man and God relationship,the latter serves the former,the demand was much more than the sacrifice.In the relationship between the Heaven and Earth,the latter is more important than the former:the chinese people always wish to live a long long life.Although their undevout attitude towards God and Master,their tolerating ideas towards different religions and their religious practice characterized by reason and modulateness makes it possible to avoid religious war and cruel persecution as occurred in other countries,however,when the basic demands of the great mass could not be met,their suppressed feelings could not be eased,their unstable elements would be stirred up and resulted in the primitive violent power to which brings about the political change,and this tendency has not ended.