自我控制与自我控制资源

自我控制是人适应社会的重要功能, 近十年来, 心理学家主要围绕有限自制力理论展开其研究。事实上, 用于自我控制的资源十分有限, 在它严重被消耗时会引发个体的自我衰竭, 这将对个体的情绪、认知及行为等方面都造成不良的影响。个体的情绪调节、思想抑制和分心控制等行为都可能导致其处于自我衰竭的状态, 但通过睡眠、放松或积极情绪诱导等方式则可有效促进自我控制资源的恢复。未来的研究需进一步明确自我衰竭的心理与生理机制, 并深入挖掘自我衰竭与其它影响自控行为的因素之间的内在关联。

Self-control and Self-control Resource

Self-control is an important function for individual survival and adaptation. Over the past 10 years,theoretical and empirical researches of self-control have been focused on the theory of limited self-control resource. In fact,the resource for self-control is limited. When self-control resource is over consumed,ego-depletion will be initiated,which can adversely affect the individual’s performance in the aspects of emotion,cognition,and behavior. Individual’s emotion regulation,thought inhibition and distraction control might lead to ego-depletion,but the recovery of self-control resources could be effectively promoted through sleep,relaxation,positive mood induction or other ways. Future studies should further define the psychological and physiological mechanism of ego-depletion,and explore the inherent relationship between ego-depletion and other factors that might also affect individual’s self-control behaviour.