健康行为改变中的社会认知因素：HAPA模型述评

HAPA是健康行为领域研究的新取向。认为改变健康行为需要两个分离的过程:动机和意志。首先,基于自我信念的基础上形成改变的意图;随意,行为改变才会被计划、引发并维持。HAPA认为,动机阶段引起行为意图,而意志阶段则产生实际行为。以自我效能为代表的社会认知因素在两个阶段起重要作用,对于健康行为的采纳、引发和维持的产生重要的预测作用。

Social-Cognitive Factors in Changing Health-Related Behavior:an Review on Health Action Process Approach

Changing health-related behaviors requires two separate processes that involve motivation and volition.First,an intention to change is developed,in part on the basis of self-beliefs.Second,the change must be planned,initiated,and maintained,and relapses must be managed;self-regulation plays a critical role in these processes.The health action process approach is explicitly based on the assumption that two distinct phases need to be studied longitudinally,one phase that leads to a behavioral intention and another leads to the actual behavior.Particular social-cognitive variables may play different roles in the two stages.