Sample selection and inductive generalization |
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Authors: | Chris A Lawson Charles W Kalish |
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Institution: | 1.University of Wisconsin,Madison;2.Department of Psychology,Carnegie Mellon University,Pittsburgh |
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Abstract: | In two experiments with adults (N=126), we examined the influence of sampling procedure on inductive generalization. In predicate sampling, participants learned
the category identity of individuals known to possess some property. In subject sampling, individuals selected for category
identity were discovered to possess a novel property. In both experiments, sampling procedure influenced induction. Predicate
sampling resulted in very narrow generalization, whereas subject sampling yielded a fairly high and constant rate of projection.
Differences in confidence of generalizations were also observed. Conditions in which evidence was described as randomly sampled
from a collection of animals yielded a consistent decrease in projections as predicted by similarity-based models. The results
are presented as support for an evidence-based view of induction. |
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Keywords: | |
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