从"对象"到"看"--维特根斯坦语言观的一个转变

本文试图从“对象”和“看”这两个概念出发来讨论维特根斯坦语言观的一个转变，在此讨论中，维特根斯坦有关“对象”和“看”的论述被置于其前后期思想的大背景中来加以考察。文章首先考察了维特根斯坦前期思想在“对象”这个概念上所面临的困难与错误，这种困难与错误构成了对其前期图像论语言观的挑战。接着，文章考察了维特根斯坦对图画所做的分析，认为图画的要点不在于它所指称的对象，而在于它如何被看，而如何被看实际上是“看”这个词的如何被使用。在此考察中，其后期游戏论的语言观得到了探讨。

From Object to Seeing:A Shift in Wittgenstein's View of Language

In this article, we attempt to discuss the turn of Wittgenstein's views of language from the two concepts of ' object' and ' see'. Here, Wittgenstein's explanation of ' object' and ' see' would be considered under the whole background that includes his former and later thoughts. At first, we review the difficulty and error on the concept of ' object' in Wittgenstein's former thoughts, and argue that these difficulties and errors challenged his pictorial language theory. Then, we study Wittgenstein's analysis of picture and think that the point of picture is not the object it indicates but how it is seen. And how the picture is seen means the use of the word ' see'. Here, his later theory of language game would be considered.