Bicycle helmet law does not deter cyclists in Finland |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;2. Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden;3. School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New South Wales, Australia;1. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Translational Research for Injury Prevention Lab, 916 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35244, United States;2. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170, United States;1. Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;3. Department of Risk Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan;1. Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, Rijswijk, The Netherlands;2. Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography & Spatial Planning, Utrecht, The Netherlands;3. SWOV Institute for Road Safety Research, Den Haag, The Netherlands;4. University of New South Wales, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Sydney, Australia;1. Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Western Michigan University, 1903 W. Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5316, United States;2. Department of Psychology, Western Michigan University, Wood Hall, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, United States;1. Traffic Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;2. Liikenneturva—The Central Organisation for Traffic Safety in Finland, Helsinki, Finland;3. Human Factors and Safety Behaviour Group, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;4. Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Bicycle helmet legislation (BHL) in Finland went into effect in January 2003 and applies to cyclists of all ages. There are no mechanisms to fine cyclists riding without a helmet; however, helmet wearing rates are 64% in Helsinki and 42% across Finland. Our aim was to discuss possible effects of BHL on cycling in Finland. We used data from the 1998/1999, 2004/2005 and 2010/2011 Finnish National Travel Surveys. Data across three surveys suggest cycling has declined from before to after BHL. In a 2004/2005 survey, however, only 0.063% (95% CI: 0.02–0.10%) of responders identified helmet use as their most important obstacle to cycling. It is unlikely BHL is a causal factor in the downward trend in Finnish cycling. Lack of cycling infrastructure and concerns for safety are much more common reasons given. |
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| Keywords: | Enforcement Helmet Bicycle Surveys Traffic law |
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