4～7岁儿童内在动机的追踪研究

把内在动机看作是一种特质,将其划分为物为定向内在动机和人为定向内在动机.对110名儿童进行了为期三年的追踪(从4岁到7岁).在儿童4岁和7岁时,实验室的自由游戏情境中对他们进行录像观察,编码他们的两种内在动机.由父母报告他们对儿童的控制.结果表明:(1)儿童从4岁到7岁,物为定向内在动机和人为定向内在动机均呈显著上升趋势.(2)在儿童4岁、7岁时,物为定向内在动机和人为定向内在动机均呈显著负相关.(3)在儿童4岁、7岁时,物为定向内在动机均显著高于人为定向内在动机.(4)在儿童4岁和7岁时,父母控制与儿童物为定向内在动机和人为定向内在动机均无显著相关.

A Longitudinal Study on the Development of Pre-school Children's Intrinsic Motivation

This longitudinal study investigated the development of intrinsic motivation in children from 4 to 7 years of age.A total of 110 children participated in this research.Self-reported questionnaire was administrated to measure parental control.Two types of intrinsic motivation(people oriented,object oriented) were measured by laboratory observation in both study sessions.The results indicate as follows:(1) two types of intrinsic motivation are increased rapidly from 4 to 7 years of age;(2) at both ages(4 and 7),objects oriented intrinsic motivation was significantly negatively correlated with people oriented intrinsic motivation;(3) at both ages,objects oriented intrinsic motivation was significantly higher than people oriented intrinsic motivation;(4) at both ages,the relationship between parental control and children's intrinsic motivation was not significant.