高一学生应对灵活性及其影响因素的研究

本研究采用问卷调查和实验室任务相结合的方法,对59名高一学生进行一个月的跟踪调查,对结果进行聚类分析,旨在探寻高一学生在应对灵活性方面表现出的不同风格,同时从自我效能感、社会支持两方面探讨影响高一学生应对灵活性的主观和客观因素。研究结果表明:(1)聚类分析得到高一学生应对灵活性的四种类型:应对灵活型,积极不灵活型,消极不灵活型和积极不一致型;(2)应对灵活型和积极不灵活型被试的控制感显著高于消极不灵活型和积极不一致型;策略选择方面,积极不灵活型、积极不一致型倾向于使用问题焦点应对,应对灵活型、消极不灵活型倾向于使用情绪焦点应对;(3)自我效能感和社会支持在一定程度上可对应对灵活性类型产生预测作用,应对灵活型学生的自我效能感和对社会支持的利用度明显高于其他三类学生。研究结果有助于我们深入了解高中学生的适应问题。

Researches on Senior Middle School First Graders' Coping Flexibility and Its Influencing Factors

This research chose 59 senior middle school students of grade one and made a one-month follow-up investigation with a multi-method of questionnaires and laboratory experiments.Cluster analysis helped us to distinguish their different patterns of coping flexibility and explore the subjective and objective influencing factors of coping flexibility from the aspects of selfefficacy and social support.The results showed:(1)Four patterns of coping flexibility were distinguished: flexible,active-inflexible,passive-inflexible and active-inconsistent.(2) The perception of control of the flexible and active-inflexible group was significantly stronger than the other two groups;the active-inflexible and active-inconsistent group tended to choose the problem-focused coping while the other two groups were prone to selecting the emotion-focused coping.(3) To some extent,self-efficacy and social support were predictors of patterns of coping flexibility.Compared with the other three groups,the flexible group had the highest level of self-efficacy and social support utilization.The research enriched studies on the adjustment of senior middle school students and had some practical value.