幼儿在等级图形知觉中的整体优先现象

研究采用Navon的干涉实验范式和等级图形刺激模式研究4-6岁幼儿的整体优先现象。实验中所用刺激的结构关系有一致、无关、矛盾。实验1研究自由注意条件下，不同年龄儿童自发形成整体或局部反应策略的比率，发现被试自发形成对整体特征反应策略的比例较大，且该比例是随年龄而增长的；实验2比较注意整体和注意局部两种实验条件下，不同年龄儿童对整体或局部的反应正确率。结果发现在注意整体和注意局部的条件下，4-6岁幼儿的整体／局部干涉效应呈相互影响到相互独立再到整体优势的发展过程。这表明幼儿对整体特征的注意选择可能是随着年龄增长和视觉经验的积累而逐渐成型的。

GLOBAL PRECEDENCE OFHIERARCHICAL FIGURE PERCEPTION IN CHILDREN

In the present study global precedence was investigated in children. Navon's hierarchical pattern stimuli and intervene paradigm were used to test 4～6-year-old children. The relationship between global and local feature in the hierarchical pattern included consistent, irrelevant and conflict. For every subject,there were 3 sessions including free attention, attention to global feature and attention to local feature. The free attention experiment was to find out if the ability children form their strategies spontaneously reacted according to the global feature or local feature developed by age. The result showed that most of the subjects formed the strategy of reacting according to the global feature, and the rate increased as age increased. In different ages, children's correct reactions in global and local attention conditions were compared. Interference effect between global and local processing showed the tendency of interaction to independence to global precedence. The results suggested that children's selective attention to global feature might develop as they grew older and had more visual experiences.