Target-nontarget similarity modulates stimulus-driven control in visual search |
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Authors: | Michael J Proulx Howard E Egeth |
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Institution: | Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. michael.proulx@uni.duesseldorf.de |
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Abstract: | The literature contains conflicting results concerning whether an irrelevant featural singleton (an item unique with respect
to a feature such as color or brightness) can control attention in a stimulus-driven manner. The present study explores whether
target-nontarget similarity influences stimulus-driven shifts of attention to a distractor. An experiment evaluated whether
manipulating target-nontarget similarity by varying orientation would modulate distraction by an irrelevant feature (a bright
singleton). We found that increasing target-nontarget similarity resulted in a decreased impact of a uniquely bright object
on visual search. This method of manipulating the target-nontarget similarity independent of the salience of a distracting
feature suggests that the extent to which visual attention is stimulus-driven depends on the target-nontarget similarity. |
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