Relations between a laboratory-based sustained attention task and traffic violations in an Iranian sample of drivers |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology and Educational Science, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran;2. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology, USA;3. The Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, USA;4. Department of Electronic, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnord, Iran;1. UHasselt - Hasselt University, Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;2. Vias Institute, Haachtsesteenweg 1405, 1130 Brussels, Belgium;3. UHasselt - Hasselt University, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;1. Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Europa 115, 47521 Cesena, FC, Italy;2. Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI), via Venezia, 52, 47521 Cesena, FC, Italy;1. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos School of Engineering, Department of Transportation Engineering (EESC-USP), Brazil;2. Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Brazil;1. Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY), Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier 10, bte L3.05.01, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium;2. Isabel Raemdonck, Institute for the Analysis of Change in Contemporary and Historical Societies (IACCHOS), Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier 10, bte L3.05.01, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium;1. School of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Capital University of Economics and Business, Flower-Town, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, PR China;1. Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;2. Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | The role of cognitive abilities regarding driver behavior is crucially important in the occurrence of traffic violations and preventing tragic motor vehicle collisions. Sustained attention is one cognitive ability that may contribute to safe driving behavior. The present study investigated the relation between sustained attention and traffic violations. One hundred and one Iranian male drivers (age: M = 37.17, SD = 8.37) with at least 2 years driving experience voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were categorized into two groups based on the number of driving rule violations they committed over the last 2 years (n = 48 clean record, n = 53 violators). Sustained attention was measured by performance on the Conjunctive Continuous Performance Task (CCPT). Four CCPT performance measures were computed: (1) Mean reaction time for correct responses (M-RT); (2) standard deviation of reaction times for correct responses (SD-RT); (3) percent of omission errors (failure to respond to target stimulus); (4) percent of commission errors (identification of a non-target stimulus as target). Results showed after controlling for age and education, there was a significant group difference on M-RT, indicating that individuals with no traffic violations had faster reaction times as compared to those who had 1 or more traffic violations. No effect of group on any of the other outcomes was present after correcting for alpha inflation. When assessing the effect of age and education, education was significantly related to average reaction time and percent of omission errors. No significant effect of age was apparent. Findings suggest cognitive function, specifically sustained attention measured with a laboratory-based measure, may be associated with safe driving behavior. |
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| Keywords: | Conjunctive Continuous Performance Task (CCPT) Sustained attention Traffic violations Safe driving |
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