A comparison of car following behaviors: Effectiveness of applying statistical quality control charts to design in-vehicle forward collision warning systems |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Rd., Sec. 3, Douliu, Yunlin, Taiwan;2. Acer Incorporated, 26F, 116, Sec. 1, Xintai 5th Rd., Xizhi, New Taipei City, Taiwan;1. The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Linköping, Sweden;2. Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden;3. Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden;1. School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;2. Department of IT Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran;1. University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, United States;2. Center for Advancing Transportation Leadership and Safety (ATLAS Center), Ann Arbor, MI, United States;3. Miami University, Sociology and Gerontology, Oxford, OH, United States;4. Monash University Accident Research Centre, Clayton, Australia;5. Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States;6. Institute of Gerontology, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States;7. Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States;8. Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States;9. Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia''s Injury Control Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States;10. Bassett Research Institute, Bassett Healthcare Network, Cooperstown, NY, United States;1. School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Australia;2. Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Australia;3. School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia;4. School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Australia |
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| Abstract: | This study aims to evaluate the usability of the forward collision warning (FCW) system as adopted by the statistical quality control (SQC) chart design concepts on drivers’ car following behaviors and task performance. A total of 48 highly aggressive and 48 less aggressive drivers participated in a two (aggressive driving: high vs. low; between-subjects) by two (driving workload: high vs. low; within-subjects) by three (the FCW system: five-stages vs. X-bar vs. X-bar plus exponentially weighted moving-average (EWMA) control charts; between-subjects) mixed-factorial simulation experiment. The drivers’ behaviors, response time to divided attention (DA) tasks, as well as subjective workload and trust ratings were collected. Findings showed that drivers with the FCW’s assistance improved their car-following behaviors and that the FCWs with the SQC chart design concepts showed better results than the five-stage system. Drivers who used both SQC FCWs performed correspondingly in their car-following behaviors. However, the X-bar FCW aided drivers in responding to DA tasks much faster, and drivers felt less stressed and had more trust in using the X-bar FCW system than those who used the X-bar + EWMA FCW system. |
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| Keywords: | Forward collision warning (FCW) Statistical quality control (SQC) chart Car following Driving simulator Aggressive driving Usability |
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