社会支持与SARS应激反应的验证性研究

根据在SARS流行期间对中国17个省市1016人测验调查的资料。对社会支持与SARS应激反应的关系进行验证性研究。所建立的社会支持与SARS应激反应的模型A和模型B证实社会支持对SARS应激反应中的不同因素有不同的作用：社会支持程度高，恐慌程度小；而社会支持程度高，则防御反应更大。社会支持对SARS应激反应中认知和恐慌的作用是负向且微弱的；但是对心理障碍的影响及心理障碍对SARS应激反应的影响却是明显的，表明社会支持作为缓冲器与调节器，对SARS应激反应的直接影响不大，但径由心理障碍对SARS应激反应的影响却是明显的。结构方程分析表明，男女之闻存在诸多差异。女性社会支持对SARS应激反应中认知和恐慌的直接影响比男性更小。但社会支持径由心理障碍对SARS应激反应的影响更明显；女性社会支持对SARS防御反应的影响无论从直接途径还是径由心理障碍似乎都比男性要明显一些。男性的社会支持中，亲友支持的作用比女性更大。

A Confirmative Research on Social Support and SARS Stress

The confirmative research of social support and SARS stress was based on the investigation of 1016 Ss in 17 provinces in China. The model A and model B of social support and SARS stress confirmed that different social support influenced different factors of SARS stress; social support had negative and slight impact on the panic and cognition of SARS stress, but had significant impact on psychological handicap and passed the psychological handicap to influence SARS stress. It was indicated that social support was a variable of buffer or mediator, without much direct impact on SARS stress, but with an evident impact caused by psychological handicap on SARS stress. Structural equation modeling analysis showed that social support of females had less direct impact on the panic and cognition than that of males, and in terms of the support of males, relatives or friends had a stronger effect than that of females.