More than meets the eye: The neural development of emotion face processing during infancy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Arizona State University, United States;2. University of Michigan, United States;3. Vanderbilt University, United States;4. Stony Brook University, United States;5. University of Texas at Austin, United States;1. CIPsi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;2. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, United States;3. Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Portugal;1. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, 540 S College Ave., Newark, DE, USA;2. Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, 320 McKinly Lab, Newark, DE, USA;3. Biomechanics & Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, 540 S College Ave., Newark, DE, USA;4. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA;5. Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;6. Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA;1. The University of Texas at Austin, USA;2. Haskins Laboratories, USA;3. The University of British Columbia, Canada;4. Yale University, USA;1. Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;2. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;3. Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy;1. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;2. UNICEF, New York City, NY, USA;3. Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, UK;1. Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France;2. Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, CNRS UMR 8242, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France |
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| Abstract: | This study explored the impact of infant temperament and maternal stress on the development of the infant medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) among sixteen 6-8-month-old infants. Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure activation of the infant mPFC in response to angry, happy, and sad faces. Infant temperament and dimensions of maternal stress were measured with the Infant Behavior Questionnaire and the Parenting Stress Index Respectively. Infants with high negative emotionality demonstrated increased mPFC activation in association with all emotion face conditions. Negative emotionality moderated the effect of total maternal stress on mPFC activation to angry and sad faces. Mother-infant dysfunctional interaction was related to increased mPFC activation associated with happy faces, supporting the “novelty hypothesis”, in which the mPFC responds more strongly to unique experiences. Therefore, this study provides additional evidence that infant temperament and the quality of the mother-infant relationship influence the development of the mPFC and how infants process emotions. |
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| Keywords: | Infant Mother Medial prefrontal cortex fNIRS Maternal stress Infant temperament Infant emotional development Mother-infant relationship Infant brain development |
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