The influence of maternal anxiety and depression symptoms on fNIRS brain responses to emotional faces in 5- and 7-month-old infants |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;2. Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;3. Department of Psychology, University of Houston, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, Houston, TX, USA;4. Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;5. Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA;6. Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;7. Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA;1. University of British Columbia, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;2. Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;3. BC Children''s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada;4. Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;5. School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;1. CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;2. National Institute of Child and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA;3. Centre for Computer Graphics, Guimarães, Portugal;4. Algoritmi, School of Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal;5. Psychological Neuroscience Lab, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;1. Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Italy;2. Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy;1. Arizona State University, United States;2. University of Michigan, United States;3. Vanderbilt University, United States;4. Stony Brook University, United States;5. University of Texas at Austin, United States;1. Division of Research in Children, Youth, and Families, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA;2. College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;3. Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA;4. Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Greater relative right (versus left) frontal cortical activation to emotional faces as measured with alpha power in the electroencephalogram (EEG), has been considered a promising neural marker of increased vulnerability to psychopathology and emotional disorders. We set out to explore multichannel fNIRS as a tool to investigate infants’ frontal asymmetry responses (hypothesizing greater right versus left frontal cortex activation) to emotional faces as influenced by maternal anxiety and depression symptoms during the postnatal period. We also explored activation differences in fronto-temporal regions associated with facial emotion processing. Ninety-one typically developing 5- and 7-month-old infants were shown photographs of women portraying happy, fearful and angry expressions. Hemodynamic brain responses were analyzed over two frontopolar and seven bilateral cortical regions subdivided into frontal, temporal and parietal areas, defined by age-appropriate MRI templates. Infants of mothers reporting higher negative affect had greater oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) activation across all emotions over the left inferior frontal gyrus, a region implicated in emotional communication. Follow-up analyses indicated that associations were driven by maternal depression, but not anxiety symptoms. Overall, we found no support for greater right versus left frontal cortex activation in association with maternal negative affect. Findings point to the potential utility of fNIRS as a method for identifying altered neural substrates associated with exposure to maternal depression in infancy. |
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| Keywords: | fNIRS Maternal depression Emotion processing Infants Cortical activation |
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