Inherited and Environmental Moderators of Mother-Child Behavioral Contingency and Contingent Negativity at 27 Months |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA;2. University of Delaware, DE, USA;3. University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA;4. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;5. George Washington University, Washington D.C., USA;6. Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA;7. University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA;1. Department of Linguistics and Translation, International Laboratory for Brain, Music & Sound Research (BRAMS), University of Montreal, C. P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada;2. Department of Psychology, Huron University College at Western, London, Ontario, Canada;1. Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Trento, Italy;2. Department of Computer Science, Brunel University London, United Kingdom;1. University of Cincinnati College of Nursing, 3110 Vine St, Cincinnati, OH 45221, United States;2. The Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, 175 East 7th Ave, Columbus, OH 43201, United States;3. The Ohio State University College of Nursing, 1585 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43214, United States;4. The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Cunz Hall, 1841 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, United States;1. Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia;2. School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Australia;3. Women’s Health, Genetics and Mental Health Directorate, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Subiaco, Australia;4. Faculty of Health and Medicine Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia;1. Department of Infant Development, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, United States;2. Department of Infant Development, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities and Department of Pediatrics, Richmond University Medical Center, United States |
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| Abstract: | Previous research has shown that as depressive symptomology increases, mothers tend to show withdrawn or harsh interaction patterns with their children, and the quality of these interaction patterns have subsequently been linked to child behavior problems. However, little research has examined bidirectional influences between mothers and their children, and how these moment-to-moment contingencies differ based on heritable and environmental characteristics. We used data from the Early Growth and Development Study a prospective adoption study to examine how adoptive mothers’ depressive symptoms and children’s heritable tendencies for negative affectivity interact to predict the quality of mother-child interactions at child age 27-months. Results detected two distinct dyadic interaction patterns. The first was a withdrawn interaction style and was observed in children with a high heritable tendency for negative affect. In that style, mother and child interactions were not contingent upon each other, suggesting a lack of joint engagement. The second was a volatile interaction style, observed in children with a low heritable tendency for negative affect. In these cases, mother and child interactions were highly contingent but negative. Our findings demonstrate essential differences in how dyadic interaction patterns vary according to level of depressive symptomology and heritable tendency for negative affect. |
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| Keywords: | parent-child interaction depressive symptoms temperamental negative affectivity adoption behavioral genetics multivariate multilevel modeling |
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