A New Measure of Introversion-Extroversion

Five groups of grade school children (N = 237) were selected and administered the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. The five groups included urban-middle income children (N = 47), urban-lower income children (N = 49), rural children (N = 72), Indian-lower income children (N = 54), and Indian-impoverished children (N = 15). Significant differences were found on all three measures of verbal creativity, with the verbal flexibility and verbal originality measures significant at the .001 level, and the verbal fluency measure significant at the .005 level. On all three measures, the groups scored from high to low in the following order: rural, urban-middle income, urban-lower income, Indian-lower income, and Indian-impoverished. None of the four measures of figural creativity showed significant differences.