The Cross-Cultural Generalizability of Zuckerman's Alternative Five-Factor Model of Personality |
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| Authors: | Jérôme Rossier Anton Aluja Luis F García Alois Angleitner Vilfredo De Pascalis Wei Wang |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Psychology , University of Lausanne , Switzerland;2. Department of Pedagogy and Psychology , University of Lleida , Spain;3. Department of Psychology , University of Bielefeld , Germany;4. Department of Psychology , University of Rome “La Sapienza,” , Italy;5. Department of Medical Psychology , Zhejiang University , China |
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| Abstract: | Although theories of stress have emphasized the critical role of the appraisal process, the use of dispositional measures of appraisal have not been readily investigated. Using a large multiethnic sample, we examined the factorial validity and dimensionality of a dispositional version of the Stress Appraisal Measure (SAM; Peacock &; Wong, 1990). Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses resulted in a 4-factor representation of dispositional appraisal fitting better than its originally proposed 6-factor representation. This 4-factor model was invariant across gender groups. Although the 6-factor model purported to measure 3 dimensions of primary appraisal and 3 dimensions of secondary appraisal, these factors were found to be highly unstable and had questionable internal consistency. In contrast, the more parsimonious 4-factor solution identified 4 relative distinct and reliable scales of appraisal: 3 primary (Challenge, Threat, and Centrality) and 1 secondary (Resources). These findings suggest that meaningful dispositional dimensions of appraisal can be derived and incorporated into trait–state models of the stress process. |
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