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Using Gesture and Speech to Capture Transitions in Learning
Institution:1. Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL USA;1. Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;2. School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, Hongjing Road, Nanjing 211171, China;3. Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, CAS, 2 West Beijing Rood, Nanjing 210008, China;4. School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Rood 1239, Shanghai 200092, China;5. Lunar and Planetary Science Laboratory, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China;1. Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, United Kingdom;2. School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, United Kingdom;3. Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, United Kingdom;4. School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom;1. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States;2. Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States;1. Maternal and Child Health Program, Department of Family Science, University of Maryland, College Park;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD;3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI;4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD;5. Public Health Program, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks;1. Department of Psychological Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, United States;2. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States;3. Virginia Tech, United States;4. University of North Carolina at Greensboro, United States
Abstract:The present study compared 3 measures of knowledge variability to determine which measure predicts learning. Eighty-six children between the ages of 5 and 8 years participated in a pretest-training–posttest study of conservation understanding. Gesture-speech mismatches predicted learning better than both an across-task measure and a within-task measure of variability in speech explanations of conservation. This suggests that transitional knowledge may be best characterized as the simultaneous activation of multiple representations distributed across modalities. Implications for how gesture-speech mismatches may elucidate mechanisms underlying cognitive change are discussed.
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