Cross-cultural differences in processes underlying sequential cognitive activity |
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| Authors: | TAMOTSU TOSHIMA JACK DEMICK SHINJI ISHII MAKOTO MIYATANI and SEYMOUR WAPNER |
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| Institution: | Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739, Japan;Department of Psychology, Suffolk University, Boston, MA 02114-4280, USA;Department of Psychology, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739, Japan;Department of Eductional Psychology, Faculty of School Education, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 739, Japan;Frances L. Hiatt School of Psychology, Heinz Werner Institute for Developmental Analysis, Clark University, 950 Main St, Worcester, MA 01610-1477, USA |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Similarities and differences in the processes underlying performance on the Stroop Color-Word Test (Card A, 100 color words/black ink; Card B, 100 color patches; Card C, 100 color words/incongruous ink color) were investigated with Japanese ( N = 96) and Americans ( N = 96) with stimulus items read: (a) vertically, top to bottom; and (b) horizontally, left to right. Total time as well as errors, namely, those involved with the underlying processes of identification and sequential organization, were significantly longer or more frequent on Card C than on Cards A and B for both nationalities and spatial arrangements. Further, greater frequency of serial organization errors in females than in males was obtained for the Japanese group, and the opposite for the American group. The implications and directions for future research are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | organismic-developmental theory sequential cognitive activity cross-cultural differences Stroop Color-Word Test |
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