自我超越价值观对持久幸福感的作用及机制

追求幸福是人类社会永恒的主题。价值观对个体的发展起引导作用, 与幸福感密切相关。认同自我增强价值观, 即关注个人利益, 可以让人体验到波动的幸福感, 表现为短暂快乐和消极情绪的交替循环; 认同自我超越价值观, 即切实关心他人利益和福祉, 则可以让人拥有持久的幸福感, 表现为一种持续的充实、和谐、宁静的状态。就作用机制而言, 认同自我超越价值观的个体可能对自我威胁信息有较少的防御性反应, 体验到更多的社会关系导向的情绪, 激发更多的亲社会行为, 从而获得持久的幸福体验。未来的研究可采用多种方法和手段考察自我超越价值观对持久幸福感的作用, 系统探讨二者之间的其他潜在机制, 并通过开展自我超越价值观教育形成良好的社会心态。

The effect and mechanisms of self-transcendence values on durable happiness

Values play a guiding role during an individual’s development and values are closely related to well-being.If a person focuses egocentrically on self-enhancement values,the consequence may be fluctuating happiness in forms of the alternation of transitory pleasure and afflictive effects.In constrast,if a person endorses values of self-transcendence in terms of caring for the well-being of others,the outcome may be durable happiness,which is characterized by a state of enduring contentment and inner peace.As far as the mechanism is concerned,an individual who endorses on self-transcendence values displays fewer defensive responses to self-threatening information as well as experiences more socially engaging emotions such as empathy,love and compassion,and he or she also exhibits more prosocial behaviors.Overall,through these three paths,individuals who endorsed the values of self-transcendence may experience durable happiness.A variety of methods and means should be used to investigate the effect of values of self-transcendence on durable happiness.In addition,other potential mechanisms between the two variables can be studied.Also,education about values of self-transcendence should be carried out to cultivate a healthy social mentality.