Speeded retrieval abolishes the false-memory suppression effect: Evidence for the distinctiveness heuristic |
| |
Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Chad?S?DodsonEmail author Amanda?C?G?Hege |
| |
Institution: | Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 400400, 102 Gilmer Hall, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4400, USA. cdodson@virginia.edu |
| |
Abstract: | We examined two different accounts of why studying distinctive information reduces false memories within the DRM paradigm.
The impoverished relational encoding account predicts that less memorial information, such as overall familiarity, is elicited
by the critical lure after distinctive encoding than after nondistinctive encoding. By contrast, the distinctiveness heuristic
predicts that participants use a deliberate retrieval strategy to withhold responding to the critical lures. This retrieval
strategy refers to a decision rule whereby the absence of memory for expected distinctive information is taken as evidence
for an event’s nonoccurrence. We show that the typical false-recognition suppression effect only occurs when the recognition
test is self paced. This suppression effect is abolished when participants make recognition decisions under time pressure,
such as within 1 second of seeing the test item. These results are consistent with the distinctiveness heuristic that a time-consuming
retrieval strategy is used to reduce false-recognition responses. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|