Survival of the selfish: Contrasting self-referential and survival-based encoding |
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Authors: | Sheila J. Cunningham Mirjam Brady-Van den Bos Lucy Gill David J. Turk |
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Affiliation: | 1. School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom;2. Division of Psychology, School of Social and Health Sciences, University of Abertay Dundee, Dundee DD1 1HG, United Kingdom |
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Abstract: | Processing information in the context of personal survival scenarios elicits a memory advantage, relative to other rich encoding conditions such as self-referencing. However, previous research is unable to distinguish between the influence of survival and self-reference because personal survival is a self-referent encoding context. To resolve this issue, participants in the current study processed items in the context of their own survival and a familiar other person’s survival, as well as in a semantic context. Recognition memory for the items revealed that personal survival elicited a memory advantage relative to semantic encoding, whereas other-survival did not. These findings reinforce suggestions that the survival effect is closely tied with self-referential encoding, ensuring that fitness information of potential importance to self is successfully retained in memory. |
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