Coloured Letters and Numbers (CLaN): A reliable factor-analysis based synaesthesia questionnaire |
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| Authors: | Nicolas Rothen Elias Tsakanikos Beat Meier Jamie Ward |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Psychology and Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom;2. Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, United Kingdom;3. Centre of Research in Individual Differences (CRID), Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, United Kingdom;4. Institute of Psychology and Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Synaesthesia is a heterogeneous phenomenon, even when considering one particular sub-type. The purpose of this study was to design a reliable and valid questionnaire for grapheme-colour synaesthesia that captures this heterogeneity. By the means of a large sample of 628 synaesthetes and a factor analysis, we created the Coloured Letters and Numbers (CLaN) questionnaire with 16 items loading on 4 different factors (i.e., localisation, automaticity/attention, deliberate use, and longitudinal changes). These factors were externally validated with tests which are widely used in the field of synaesthesia research. The questionnaire showed good test–retest reliability and construct validity (i.e., internally and externally). Our findings are discussed in the light of current theories and new ideas in synaesthesia research. More generally, the questionnaire is a useful tool which can be widely used in synaesthesia research to reveal the influence of individual differences on various performance measures and will be useful in generating new hypotheses. |
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| Keywords: | Synaesthesia Colour Questionnaire Factor analysis Consistency Stroop |
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