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Observed maternal responses to adolescent behaviour predict the onset of major depression
Authors:Schwartz Orli S  Dudgeon Paul  Sheeber Lisa B  Yap Marie B H  Simmons Julian G  Allen Nicholas B
Affiliation:aDepartment of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;bMurdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia;cOregon Research Institute, 1715 Franklin Blvd, Eugene, OR 97403, USA;dOrygen Youth Health Research Centre, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia;eCentre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
Abstract:Two mechanisms have been proposed regarding relations between parental responses to adolescent affective behaviours and the development of depression: the elicitation of parental negativity and the suppression of parental aggression. This study aimed to investigate the boundary conditions under which these two mechanisms operate in relation to the prospective prediction of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) onset in adolescence. A community sample of 159 adolescents (aged 11–13 years) with no history of MDD completed a family interaction assessment with their mothers, and were followed-up with a diagnostic interview 2–3 years later. Results showed that onset of MDD was prospectively predicted by the elicitation of maternal aggression in response to adolescent aggression (in girls only) and maternal dysphoria in response to adolescent aggression, as well as the suppression of maternal aggression and dysphoria in response to adolescent dysphoria. Thus, support was obtained for both the elicitation of negativity mechanism in relation to maternal responses to adolescents’ aggressive behaviours, and the suppression of aggression mechanisms in relation to maternal responses to adolescents’ dysphoric behaviours. Mothers’ responses to adolescents’ aggressive and dysphoric behaviours may differentially influence the risk of MDD onset for adolescents over time.
Keywords:Family interaction   Adolescence   Major depressive disorder   Risk factors   Prospective   Longitudinal
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