略论汉初士人在社会秩序建设中的作用

秦末农民大起义,推翻了秦王朝的残暴统治,打乱了封建统治秩序。汉政权建立后,致力于巩固政权,重建社会秩序,这其间士人群体做出了重要贡献。主要表现在三个方面:其一,建章立制,稳定社会。其二,制定和完善礼仪规范,制约社会成员的行为。其三,教化社会。部分士人入仕后担任政权的中下级官吏,他们在任期间,设立学校,教化民众,消除民众的反抗意识。同时严明法纪,为社会秩序的重建做出了种种努力。

Briefly on the Role of the Early-Han-Dynasty Scholars in the Construction of Social Order

The peasants’ uprising at the end of the Qin Dynasty overthrew the cruel rule of the Qin Dynasty, and upset its feudal order. After the founding of the Han regime, what the then group of scholars contributed enormously to the consolidation of its political power and the reconstruction of its social order are as follows. First, they drew up and enacted laws and regulations for stabilization of society. Secondly, they stipulated and perfected convenances and etiquettes to condition the behavior of the citizens. Thirdly, they went in for the training of good manners of the people at large. Some of them, as junior officials, cultivated the people and eliminated their revolt inclinations by running schools and practicing strict and impartial disciplines, and made various efforts for the reconstruction of social order.