整体与部分的关系对汉字的知觉分离影响的研究

采用命名技术探讨了整体与部分的关系对汉字知觉分离的影响。实验一探讨了在由相同构字部件组成的汉字整体中部件从整体中分离出来的情况。结果表明，在由相同构字部件组成的整体中，部件同整体分离的难易与部件数有关，在部件少的整体当中，部件反而更难同整体分离，部件之间结合得更紧密，当命名部件时，整体更难被忽视。实验二探讨了部件从由不同构字部件组成的汉字整体中分离出来的情况，结果表明：（１）部件同整体分离的难易取

STUDY ON THE INJFLUENCE OF THE RELATIONSHIP OFTHE WHOLES AND THEIR PARTS IN THE PERCEPTUALSEPARATION OF CHINESE CHARACTERS

Using naming techniques, two experiments were conducted to examine the effectof relationship between the wholes and their parts in perceptual separation of Chinesecharacters. Experiment 1 was dedicated tO explore the condition of the radicalsseparated from Chinese characters which consisted of the same radicals. The resultsshowed that the difficulty of separating ladicals from the Chinese character wholeswere affected by the number of the radicals in the wholes, the fewer the radicalsexisted in the wholes, the more difficult separating radicals from the wholes, thetighter the radicals unite. Experiment 2 was carried out to examine the situation ofthe radicals separating from the wholes which consisted of different radicals. Theresults indicated that (1) the difficulty of separating radicals from the wholes wasdecided by the dependence of the wholes to their radicals. In the wholes, the moreimportant the radicals were, the more difficult the radicals separated from their wholes;(2) the positions of the radicals in the wholes also infulunced naming time of theradicals. The authors proposed the concept of "wholistic unite force". Wholistic uniteforce is an index of tighting degree which the parts relate with their wholes, anddecided the difficulty of the parts separating from their wholes. The authors alsosuggested that when we consider the role of the wholes and their parts, we shouldnot only think of the number of the parts but think of the quality of the parts, therelation of the wholes and their parts, the status and role of the parts in the wholes.