心律失常发生的别差异

临盘床中某些心律失常的发生具有性别差异。女性同男性相比，其平均静息心率快，QT间期长，QRS波群时间短，QRS电压低。女性有更高的病态窦房结综合征、不适当性窦性心动过速、房室结折返性心动过速、右室特发性室速和长QT间期综合征引起的心律失常事件的发生率。而男性房室传导阻滞、颈动脉窦综合征、房颤、旁路导致的室上性心动过速、预激综合征、室颤、猝死、Brugada综合征和触发型室速的发生率高。这些差异有的与心律失常伴发的器质性心脏病男女发生率不同有关，另外性激素对离子通道的功能、表达的影响以及自主神经张力的差异在这些差异的产生中也具有重要作用。了解这些差异对女性心律失常处理具有重要的指导作用。

Gender Differences in Cardiac Arrhythmias

Incidences of various types of cardiac arrhythmia are different for women and men. Women have a higher mean resting heart rate, a longer QT interval, a shorter QRS duration, and a lower QRS voltage than men. Women have a higher prevalence of sick sinus syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, idiopathic rightventricular tachycardia, and arrhythmic events in the long--QT syndrome. In contrast, men have a higher prevalence of atrioventricular block, carotid sinus syndrome, atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia due to accessory pathways, Wolff--Parkinson--White syndrome, reentrant ventricular taehycardia, ventricular fibrillation and sudden death, and the Brugada syndrome. Some of these differences are related to known variations in the frequency of underlying organic heart disease. However, hormonal effects on the expression or function of ion channels and differences in autonomic tone may also play key role on these differences. Understanding these differences has important clinical implications for the therapeutic approach and clinical treatment of arrhythmias in women.