Co-occurring Mental Health Problems and Peer Functioning Among Youth with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review and Recommendations for Future Research |
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Authors: | Stephen P Becker Aaron M Luebbe Joshua M Langberg |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology, Miami University, 90 North Patterson Avenue, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA 2. Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA 3. Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Abstract: | It is well established that children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently experience co-occurring mental health problems in addition to difficulties in their peer relationships. Although substantial research has focused on the extent to which peer functioning contributes to subsequent co-occurring mental health problems, much less research has considered how co-occurring mental health problems affect peer functioning domains. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine the effect of co-occurring mental health problems on the peer functioning of youth with ADHD. The impact of co-occurring externalizing (i.e., oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder) and internalizing (i.e., anxiety, depression) symptoms are reviewed, with a focus on whether these co-occurring symptoms exacerbate, attenuate, or have no effect across peer domains of social skills/competence, peer status, and friendship among youth with ADHD. Drawing from a developmental psychopathology framework, this review then draws attention to relevant causal processes and developmental cascades (including social-cognitive, affective, and family and parenting factors) in offering promising avenues for future work. |
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