Depressive Symptomatology among HIV-Positive Women in the Era of HAART: A Stress and Coping Model |
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Authors: | Robert H Remien Theresa Exner Robert M Kertzner Anke A Ehrhardt Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus Mallory O Johnson Lance S Weinhardt Lauren E Kittel Rise B Goldstein Rogério M Pinto Stephen F Morin Margaret A Chesney Marguerita Lightfoot Cheryl Gore-Felton Brian Dodge Jeffrey A Kelly |
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Institution: | (1) HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 15, New York, NY 10032, USA;(2) Center for Community Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;(3) Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA;(4) Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA |
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Abstract: | Objective: An enhanced stress and coping model was used to explain depression among HIV-positive women in healthcare and community settings where highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) was commonplace. Method: HIV-infected women in four cities (N=978) were assessed, cross-sectionally, for mental and physical health, stress, social support, and other background factors. Results: Self-reported level of depressive symptomatology was high. Number of physical symptoms, illness intrusiveness, and perceived stress were positively associated with depressed mood, while coping self-efficacy and social support were negatively associated. Stress mediated the effect of health status on depression and coping self-efficacy mediated the effect of psychosocial resources on depression. Our enhanced stress and coping model accounted for 52% of variance in depressive symtpomatology. Conclusions: Interventions focused on improving coping self-efficacy, bolstering social supports, and decreasing stress in the lives of HIV-positive women may help to reduce the negative effects of HIV disease on mood. |
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Keywords: | HIV Depression Women Coping Stress Health |
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