Causal beliefs and conditioned responses: retrospective revaluation induced by experience and by instruction |
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Authors: | Lovibond Peter F |
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Affiliation: | School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. P.Lovibond@unsw.edu.au |
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Abstract: | The author tested causal beliefs and conditioned responses in a task involving retrospective revaluation of the causal status of a target cue with respect to electric shock. Successful revaluation was observed on both self-report shock expectancy and skin conductance, whether the training trials were directly experienced, described, or partly experienced and partly described. The results contradict models that link anticipatory conditioned responses to a separate or earlier process from that underlying explicit causal knowledge. They suggest instead that a single learning process gives rise to propositional knowledge that (a) drives anticipatory responding, (b) forms the basis for self-reported causal beliefs, and (c) can be combined with other knowledge, provided either by experience or symbolically, to generate inferences such as retrospective revaluation. |
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