元认知监控的机制:认知灵活性的调节作用

元认知监控作为元认知的核心成分,是内隐程度较高的心理活动。研究采用认知操作法,以MasterMind游戏任务为载体,从执行功能中认知灵活性的角度,探讨了元认知监控的内部机制。结果发现:元认知监测对元认知控制的作用受到认知灵活性的调节作用。对于高认知灵活性的学生,元认知监测水平越高,元认知控制越好;对于低认知灵活性的学生,元认知监测水平的高低不会引起元认知控制水平的显著变化。研究结果表明,高认知灵活性的学生能根据元认知监测进行有效元认知控制,而低认知灵活性的学生其元认知监测水平的提高没有影响元认知控制。结合元认知监控与执行功能进行了讨论。

The Regulative Effect of Cognitive Flexibility on Metacognitive Monitoring and Control

Metacognitive regulation is the essential component of metacognition. It is composed of monitoring and control. According to metacognitive processing level model, metacognitvie monitoring influences metacognitve control. However, its internal mechanism remains unclear. Executive function, which consists of inhibition, working memory and cognitive flexibility, is the mediating factors in cognitive development. The present study aimed to use Master Mind game to obtain valid scores that adequately reflected metacognitive monitoring, and investigate the moderator effect of cognitive flexibility on metacognitve monitoring and control. The results showed that: cognitive flexibility was regulative on metacognitive monitoring and control. To higher level of cognitive flexibility students, metacognitive controlling level improved with metacognitive monitoring, the frequency of violation of feedback were lower. To lower level of cognitive flexibility students,they did not regulate effectively next step according the results of feedback information. The relation between metacognitive regulation and executive function was discussed.