Implicit and explicit emotional behavior and mindfulness |
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| Authors: | Sauer Sebastian Walach Harald Schmidt Stefan Hinterberger Thilo Horan Majella Kohls Niko |
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| Affiliation: | aGeneration Research Program, Human Science Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, München, Germany;bPeter Schilffarth Institute for Sociotechnology, Bad Tölz, Germany;cInstitute of Transcultural Health Studies, European University Viadrina, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany;dBrain, Mind and Healing Program, Samueli Institute, Alexandria, USA;eInstitute of Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany;fUniversity for the Humanistics, Utrecht, The Netherlands;gDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The objective of this study was to examine whether the “step back and watch” attitude of mindfulness manifests in less emotional behavior. We hypothesized that the “acceptance” facet of mindfulness, but not the “presence” facet, is negatively associated with the magnitude of emotional behavior in four tests, i.e., (1) rating of words, (2) rating of aversive and neutral pictures, and (3) evaluative conditioning (EC). Additionally, we hypothesized that (4) the acceptance facet is associated with increased reaction time (RT) in an emotional Stroop test, and that the presence facet is associated with decreased RT and lower error rate. The sample consisted of N = 247 non-clinical adults and was tested in a cross-sectional study. The results provide partial evidence that the acceptance facet of mindfulness may be associated with less aversive reactions towards aversive stimuli. Future studies should substantiate these findings but also determine their clinical relevance. |
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| Keywords: | Mindfulness Evaluative conditioning Emotional Stroop Emotion |
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