小学3-6年级学生解决比较问题的研究

本研究对465名小学3—6年级学生解决不同类型的比较问题进行了研究。结果表明：(1)小学生解决比较问题的成绩受问题类型及年级的交互影响。儿童在一致算术问题上的成绩都很好，且显著优于不一致算术问题。在不一致算术问题、一致代数问题及不一致代数问题上，存在年级差异。5、6年级学生优于4年级学生。(2)小学生在算术问题上的通过率高于代数问题，5、6年级学生的通过率高于3、4年级。除一致算术问题外，其它类型比较问题的通过率较低。(3)小学生解决比较问题的成绩无性别差异。

A Study of Elementary Third to Sixth Graders' Solving Comparison Problems

This study focused on 465 third to sixth graders of an elementary school in solving various types of comparison problems. The results showed that: 1) Problem type and grade had an interaction on the achievement of the pupils in solving comparison problems. The children did a very good job in consistent arithmetic problems; their achievement in arithmetic problems were better than their achievement in inconsistent arithmetic problems. There were significant grade differences in inconsistent arithmetic problems, consistent algebraic problems and inconsisent algebraic problems. The achievements of the fifth and sixth graders were better than those of the fourth graders. 2) The pass rate of arithmetic problems was higher than that of algebraic problems. The pass rate of the fifth and sixth graders was higher than that of the third and fourth graders. The pass rates of all types of comparison problems except consistent arithmetic problems were quite low. 3) There was no gender difference in solving comparison problems.