当科学为价值有涉的事实作辩护

本文旨在考察中国和美国的思想家是否为“道德律令”这一哲学问题提供科学的辩护。第一,本文描述了健康的满足感、长时间的痛苦感及其客观的度量方式。第二,亲情、社会同伴关系与爱的情感有一定的关联,其形态可以通过不同方式的关怀加以衡量。第三,人类对社会固有等级制的反应体现为我们看重的尊重感或羞耻感,体现为各种情感与群体标准的和谐一致。以上种种情况促使了彼此的协调合作。我们已经有了衡量这种尊重感或羞耻感的客观方法,让人感到“满足”与“痛苦”的结果导致了判断某些事情的是非标准。因此,价值、情感与事实这三个维度表明了它们各自的存在,一起构成了“道德律令”的内涵。

When Science is in Defense of Value-Linked Facts

This article investigates what content the source of“moral imperatives”might have,if Chinese and American thinkers tried to work out an answer.First,the health related sources of contentment and long term suffering and their objective measurements.Second,patterns of kinship and social partnerships that have some relation to the emotion of love,measured in forms of care.Third,the human response to the hierarchy that is natural to human society,manifest in the importance to us of the emotions of respect or shame.This includes the harmony of those feelings and our other emotions with our group s standards.This condition may lead to the facts of cooperation.I would explain the satisfaction we gain from cultivating a skill to the respect or sense of dignity within a group that we gain from it.There are known objective measurements of the respect/shame emotions.Consequences for human contentment and suffering are events that make something“right or wrong”.In conclusion,the three sets of values,emotions,and facts that signal their respective presence give content to the moral imperatives.