An integrative analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sport |
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| Authors: | Robert J. Vallerand Gaétan F. Losier |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboraloire de Recherche sur le Comportement Social. Département de Psychologie , Université du Québec à Montréal ,;2. Departement de Psychologic , Université de Moncton ,;3. Laboraloire de Recherche sur le Comportement Social. Département de Psychologie , Université du Québec à Montréal ,;4. Research Laboratory on Social Behavior, Department of Psychology , University of Quebec at Montreal , PO Box 8888, Station “A”, Montreal, Qc., Canada , H3C 3P8 Phone: (514) 987-4836 Fax: (514) 987-4836;5. Laboraloire de Recherche sur le Comportement Social. Département de Psychologie , Université du Québec à Montréal , |
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| Abstract: | Abstract The purpose of this paper is to propose a motivational sequence that integrates much of the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation literature in sport. The proposed motivational sequence: “Social Factors → Psychological Mediators → Types of Motivation → Consequences” is in line with self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan. 1985. 1991) and the Hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation (Vallerand, 1997). Using the sequence, it is first shown that the motivational impact of social factors inherent in sport, such as competition/cooperation, success/failure, and coaches' behaviors toward athletes, takes place through their influence on athletes' perceptions of autonomy, competence, and relatedness (i.e., the psychological mediators). Second, recent results are provided with respect to a new multidimensional measure (i.e., the Sport Motivation Scale; Pelletier et al., 1995) to assess the different types of athletes' motives. Third, we review findings that suggest that such sport motives lead to various consequences for the athlete e.g. |
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