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Contingency judgment: primacy effects and attention decrement
Authors:J F Yates  S P Curley
Institution:1. Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey;2. Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey;3. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey;4. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey;5. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey;6. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sıtkı Kocaman University, Mugla, Turkey;7. Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Yurtaslan Oncology Hospital, Ankara, Turkey;8. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey;9. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey;10. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey;11. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Malatya Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey;12. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey;13. Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmi Alem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey;1. Movement to Health (M2H), Montpellier-1 University, EuroMov, 700 Avenue du Pic Saint Loup, 34090 Montpellier, France;2. Biomedical Engineering Research Group (BERG), National University of Ireland Maynooth (NUIM), Co Kildare, Ireland;3. Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stefanstrasse 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;4. Schwartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0559, USA;1. CQFM—Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;2. Instituto de Arqueologia e Paleociências da Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Departamento de História, Avenida de Berna 26-C, 1069-061 Lisboa, Portugal;3. CERENA—Centro de Estudos em Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;4. CQE—Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;5. Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, P-7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
Abstract:Subjects made judgments concerning the strength and direction of the contingency between two dichotomous variables in a situation in which no contingency actually existed. The judgments exhibited a significant primacy effect. The effects of warning and not warning the subjects that they would be required to recall the frequencies of observed event co-occurrences implied that this primacy effect was due to ‘attention decrement’ (Anderson 1981). According to this hypothesis, attention to contingency-relevant information diminishes after the subject is exposed to only a small portion of the available information.
Keywords:
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