The relationship between blood lead, bone lead and child intelligence. |
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| Authors: | Gail A Wasserman Pam Factor-Litvak Xinhua Liu Andrew C Todd Jennie K Kline Vesna Slavkovich Dusan Popovac Joseph H Graziano |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Pyschiatric Institute, New York City, 10032, USA. wassermg@child.cpmc.columbia.edu |
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| Abstract: | We report associations between serial measures of blood lead and intelligence in children age 10-12 years, half heavily exposed to lead from the prenatal period onward, and half relatively unexposed. For a subsample, we examine bone lead-IQ associations, comparing them with bone lead associations. Both blood and bone lead levels were associated with intelligence decrements, small relative to the contribution of social factors. For each doubling of Tib-Pb, Full Scale, Performance, and Verbal IQ decreased by an estimated 5.5, 6.2, and 4.1 points, respectively. Bone lead-IQ associations were stronger than those for blood lead, which nonetheless provide robust analogues. Current BPb, easy to obtain, provides a useful means for assessing Pb exposure/IQ associations. |
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