汉语同形歧义词歧义消解的两半球差异

实验探讨汉语同形歧义词(homographs)歧义消解的过程及大脑两半球的差异。被试为华中科技大学96名大学生,实验采用词汇判断任务。句子语境呈现在被试的视野中央,探测词在SOA(stimulus onset asynchronism)为100毫秒或400毫秒时呈现在左视野或右视野。结果发现,(1)当SOA为100毫秒时,在左视野(右半球)上,与语境一致的同形歧义词的主要意义得到激活,与语境不一致的次要意义也有一定程度的激活。在右视野(左半球)上,只有与语境一致的同形歧义词的主要意义得到激活。(2)当SOA为400毫秒时,在左、右视野(两半球)上,与语境一致的同形歧义词的主要意义和次要意义都得到激活。结果表明,大脑左半球对汉语歧义词的歧义消解具有一定的优势,语境敏感模型可以较好地解释本实验的结果。

Hemispheric Asymmetry in Solving Lexical Ambiguity in Chinese

The present study investigated lexical ambiguity resolution in Chinese.Semantic priming paradigms and lexical decision tasks were employed in the experiment.The sentence context was either biased dominant meaning or subordinate meaning.The experimental sentences were presented in the center of the visual field word by word.The probe words were presented in the left or right visual field.In short SOA,the results showed the priming effect of dominant meanings in appropriate contexts in the right hemisphere,and facilitation of subordinate meaning in inappropriate contexts in the right hemisphere.Only dominant meanings were primed in congruent contexts in the left hemisphere.In long SOA,both dominant and subordinate meanings were primed in the appropriate contexts in both left and right hemispheres.The results showed that both context and meaning frequency play a role in lexical ambiguity resolution.