小学3~5年级学习不良儿童社会比较的特点

以小学三、四、五年级95名儿童为被试,采用访谈法探讨了小学学习不良儿童的社会比较特点。结果表明:70%学习不良儿童自发地进行上行比较,即群体外比较,其动机为自我提升;学习不良儿童的社会比较和时间比较的频率均低于一般儿童;学习不良儿童的社会比较目标水平显著低于一般儿童,随着年级的升高其目标水平呈不断下降的发展趋势。

A Study on the Characteristics of Social Comparison Among Children With Learning Disabilities

The present study examined the characteristics of social comparison of children with LD with 95 children of pri 2 mary school from grade 3～5,applying the method of interview.The results showed that:(1)seventy percent of children with LD spontaneously compared the academic performance with that of their normally achieving children,which was out-group comparison,their motive was self-improvement;only six percent of children with LD compared their academic performance with that of their poorer achieving peers,their motive was self-enhancement;(2)the frequency of social comparison and temporal comparison of children with LD was significantly lower than that of normal children,which indicated that the children with LD not only avoided social comparison,but neglected the temporal comparison;(3)the target level of social comparison of children with LD was significantly lower than that of normal children,and the target level of social comparison of children with LD declined from grade 3～5,showing that the higher grade,the stronger self-protection.