不同类型集群行为的差异比较

集群行为是个体以群体成员身份参与的以改善群体地位为目标的行动。近年来, 西方心理学在集群行为领域的研究开始呈现差异化分析比较的研究趋势。根据行为模式是否符合社会规范, 可将集群行为分为常规集群行为与违规集群行为。根据参与群体的社会地位, 可将集群行为分为弱势群体集群行为与优势群体集群行为。根据集群行为的成就, 可将结果分为“成功”与“失败”两类。不同类型集群行为所涉及的心理机制、前因变量及发展趋势具有很大差异。今后的研究应探明不同类型集群行为间的内在联系, 重视文化背景因素并加强与其他学科研究成果的结合。

The Differentiation of Different Types of Collective Actions

Collective action is defined as any action that individuals undertake as psychological group members, and with the subjective goal to improve their group’s conditions. Research on the categorization of collective action is an important trend in this area. According to whether or not it corresponds to social norm, the collective action can be categorized into normative collective action and non-normative collective action. According the difference of the group social status, it can be categorized into disadvantaged group collective action and advantaged group collective action. And according to the achievement of the collective action, it can be divided into success as well as failure. The psychology mechanism, antecedent variable and developing trend can vary for different types of collective action. The further research should explore the relation of different types of collective action, think highly of the cultural context and connect to the results of other subject.