语音意识的不同成分在汉语儿童英语阅读学习中的作用

研究一测查了74名小学三、五年级儿童辨别、删除汉语和英语音节、首音-韵脚、音位等不同语音成分的能力以及英语单词阅读,考察语音意识不同成分与英语阅读学习的关系及母语语音意识的作用途径.研究二测查了83名英语阅读较差和73名英语阅读一般及以上儿童的英语语音删除和单词认读能力,考察阅读水平对于语音意识作用的调节效应.结果表明:(1)英语首音-韵脚意识对英语阅读具有显著的独立贡献;(2)汉语首音-韵脚意识和声调意识分别对英语单词认读和假词拼读具有显著的独立贡献,二者通过英语首音-韵脚意识的中介发挥作用;(3)阅读水平具有显著的调节作用.首音-韵脚意识是正常儿童阅读的有效预测变量,而音节意识是低水平儿童阅读的有效预测变量.上述结果与有关语音意识各成分在英语为母语儿童阅读学习中作用的研究结果不同,提示第二语言的学习具有特殊性,母语经验影响着个体第二语言学习的过程.

The Roles of Different Components of Phonological Awareness in English Reading among Mandarin-speaking Children

This study examined the roles of different components of phonological awareness and the moderating effect of reading levels in learning to read in English among Mandarin-speaking children in primary school.Seventy-four third and fifth graders in Study 1 finished detection and deletion tasks of phonological awareness in both Chinese and English,an English word identification task and an English work attack task.Eighty-three poor English readers and 73 average readers in Study 2 completed a deletion task of English phonological awareness as well as English word reading tasks.Results indicated that English onset-rime awareness accounted for significant part of variances of English reading even after controlling for age,nonverbal IQ and other components of phonological awareness.While Chinese onset-rime awareness accounted for unique variances for word recognition and tone awareness did for nonword decoding,their effects on English reading were mediated by English onset-rime awareness.Moreover,children's reading levels moderated the relation between phonological awareness and English reading.English onset-rime awareness was the only significant predictor for nonimpaired readers,whereas English syllable awareness was the only significant predictor for poor readers.This study revealed the importance of onset-rime and syllable awareness in learning to read English among Mandarin-speaking children,suggesting that native language experience may have significant effects on learning to read a second language.